教你怎么在线安装Mysql

一、 检查系统中是否已安装了mysql服务或开发包依赖等

[bigdata@bigdata-pro02 ~]$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64

如果检查存在一些安装包，则使用 rpm -e –nodeps [安装包1] [安装包2] […] 将已有的安装包卸载。
这里需要切换到root用户

[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]#

二、检查yum源上可以使用的安装包（如果对mysql版本有要求，可以修改yum源的配置）

使用yum list | grep mysql 来检查可以使用的安装包

[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]# yum list | grep mysql-server
mysql-server.x86_64                            5.1.73-8.el6_8               @base

三、安装mysql-server ，使用yum install 命令，安装过程中会自动把所有依赖的包自动下载和安装

[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]# yum install mysql-server.x86_64 -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/metalink                                                                                | 4.9 kB     00:00     
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
base                                                                                         | 3.7 kB     00:00     
epel                                                                                         | 3.2 kB     00:00     
epel/primary                                                                                 | 3.2 MB     00:01     
epel                                                                                                    12521/12521
extras                                                                                       | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates                                                                                      | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates/primary_db                                                                           | 1.2 MB     00:00     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql = 5.1.73-8.el6_8 for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be installed
---> Package mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

====================================================================================================================
 Package                        Arch                   Version                           Repository            Size
====================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-server                   x86_64                 5.1.73-8.el6_8                    base                 8.6 M
Installing for dependencies:
 mysql                          x86_64                 5.1.73-8.el6_8                    base                 895 k
 mysql-libs                     x86_64                 5.1.73-8.el6_8                    base                 1.2 M
 perl-DBD-MySQL                 x86_64                 4.013-3.el6                       base                 134 k
 perl-DBI                       x86_64                 1.609-4.el6                       base                 705 k

Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================
Install       5 Package(s)

Total download size: 12 M
Installed size: 33 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm                                                       | 895 kB     00:00     
(2/5): mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm                                                  | 1.2 MB     00:00     
(3/5): mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm                                                | 8.6 MB     00:03     
(4/5): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                 | 134 kB     00:00     
(5/5): perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                       | 705 kB     00:00     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                               2.4 MB/s |  12 MB     00:04     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
** Found 3 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_5.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit)
2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_5.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit)
2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_5.x86_64 has missing requires of mysql-libs
  Installing : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                                                 1/5 
  Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64                                                                      2/5 
  Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64                                                                3/5 
  Installing : mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                                                      4/5 
  Installing : mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                                               5/5 
  Verifying  : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64                                                                1/5 
  Verifying  : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                                                 2/5 
  Verifying  : mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                                               3/5 
  Verifying  : mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                                                      4/5 
  Verifying  : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64                                                                      5/5 

Installed:
  mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8                                                                              

Dependency Installed:
  mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8     mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8     perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6    
  perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6    

Complete!

检查系统中是否安装mysql

[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64

检查mysql命令所在位置

[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]# which mysql
/usr/bin/mysql

四、启动mysqld服务

[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]# service mysqld status
mysqld is stopped
[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]# service mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database:  Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h bigdata-pro02.mars.com password 'new-password'
**# 以上为两种新建root用户并设置密码的方式**

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

                                                           [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]

五、使用mysql数据库

添加root用户并设置密码

[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'

登录mysql数据库

[root@bigdata-pro02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.01 sec)

mysql> create table test1 (id int(10), name varchar(20) ) ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| test1          |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)