步骤分明地教你在MAC上安装MYSQL

安装

双击下载好的dmg文件，会弹出pkg弹框，再双击pkg图标，进入安装界面，在安装界面上一路继续，就安装成功了。

环境变量

第一步，在终端切换到根目录，编辑./.bash_profile文件

  ~ cd ~
  ~ vim ./.bash_profile

第二步，进入vim编辑环境，按下i进入insert模式，输入

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/support-files

第三步，按下 esc 退出 insert 模式，输入 :wq 保存配置文件

:wq

第四步，在终端界面输入以下命令，让配置文件的修改生效，并查看环境变量是否设置成功

  ~ echo $PATH
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
  ~ source ~/.bash_profile 
  ~ echo $PATH            
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/support-files
  ~

MYSQL服务的启停和状态的查看

查看MYSQL的服务状态

  ~ sudo mysql.server status
Password:
 ERROR! MySQL is not running

启动MYSQL服务

  ~ sudo mysql.server start 
Starting MySQL
.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/mj.local.err'.
 SUCCESS!

停止MYSQL服务

  ~ sudo mysql.server stop  
Shutting down MySQL
. SUCCESS!

重启MYSQL服务

  ~ sudo mysql.server restart
 ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
Starting MySQL
. SUCCESS!

启动

第一步，终端界面下输入

  ~ sudo mysql.server start 
Starting MySQL
.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/mj.local.err'.
 SUCCESS!

第二步，启动MYSQL服务，启动成功后继续输入

  ~ mysql -u root -p

第三步，直接回车，进入数据库，看到以下欢迎界面

Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.41 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

备注：默认安装成功后没有初始密码，所以密码不用输入，直接回车即可。

初始化设置

设置初始密码，进入mysql数据库之后执行下面的语句，设置当前root用户的密码为root

  ~ mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.41 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password = password('root');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>

退出MYSQL的界面

mysql> exit
Bye
  ~

配置

进入到 /usr/local/mysql/support-files目录，里面有个文件my-default.cnf

  ~ cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
  support-files ll
total 64
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   1.1K  6 15  2018 binary-configure
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel   773B  6 15  2018 magic
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel   1.1K  6 15  2018 my-default.cnf
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   894B  6 15  2018 mysql-log-rotate
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel    10K  6 15  2018 mysql.server
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   1.0K  6 15  2018 mysqld_multi.server
  support-files

将目录下的my-default.cnf文件复制到桌面上，改名为my.cnf，

  support-files ll
total 64
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   1.1K  6 15  2018 binary-configure
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel   773B  6 15  2018 magic
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel   1.1K  6 15  2018 my-default.cnf
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   894B  6 15  2018 mysql-log-rotate
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel    10K  6 15  2018 mysql.server
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   1.0K  6 15  2018 mysqld_multi.server
  support-files cp my-default.cnf /Users/a1/Desktop/my.cnf

将内容替换为下面的内容

[mysqld]
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8
port = 3306

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

将修改后的my.cnf文件复制到/etc目录下，重启MYSQL

  /etc cp /Users/a1/Desktop/my.cnf ./
cp: ./my.cnf: Permission denied
  /etc sudo cp /Users/a1/Desktop/my.cnf ./
Password:
  /etc ll
total 1064
......
-rw-------   1 root  wheel   7.3K  2 29 14:10 master.passwd
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   1.2K  5 17 17:24 my.cnf
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel    11B  2 29 14:43 nanorc
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel    53B  2 29 14:09 networks
......
  /etc

备注：拷贝文件到etc目录需要系统权限，因此需要在命令前加sudo

检测修改结果

  ~ mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.41 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                                     |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                                                      |
| character_set_connection | utf8                                                      |
| character_set_database   | latin1                                                    |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                                    |
| character_set_results    | utf8                                                      |
| character_set_server     | latin1                                                    |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                                      |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql-5.6.41-macos10.13-x86_64/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

备注：此时不输入密码就登录不了数据库了，必须使用修改后的密码登录数据库了，并且数据库的字符集编码信息已经修改了。

至此，就可以愉快的使用数据库了！！！